KIND OF TEXT

Hay guys, what are you thinking when you hear words in English but you don't understand the meaning? confused? or even sad? hehee

Okay don't worry, let's study together :)

On my first blog, I will discuss "kind of text" what are kind of text? let's see the explanation below :)

KIND OF TEXT

1.     Narative Text

To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story.

Generic Structure :

- Orientation

- Complication

- Resolution

- Reorientation

Language Feature :

- Using Past Tense

- Using Action Verb

- Chronologically Arranged

Example :

The Fox and the Grapes

One afternoon there was a fox that was walking through the forest and spotted a bunch of grapes hanging from over a lofty branch. “Just the thing to quench my thirst,” quoted the fox. Taking a few steps backward, the fox jumped but unfortunately he missed the hanging grapes. Again the fox took a few paces backward, ran, and tried to reach them but he still failed.

Finally, giving up, the fox turned up his nose and said, “They’re probably sour anyway,” and proceeded to walk away.

2.     Recount Text

To retell something that happened in the past and to tell a series of past event.

Generic Structure :

- Orienta

- Event(s)

- Reorientation

Language Feature :

- Using past tense

- Using action verb

- Using adjectives

Example :

Lazy Day

Last weekend I spent all day laying on my bed. It was just like the Lazy Song by Bruno Mars, “today I don’t feel like doing anything” hehe. But sometimes doing nothing was just something that we needed the most, especially after a long and super exhausted week at the office.

It was Sunday and I woke up at 9 a.m in the morning. I looked around me and I saw a new comic book that I just bought yesterday laying next to my Macbook. I try to dragged it closer to me by using my foot, and then I pick it with my hand. I unwrapped the comic and start reading it. When I just reached the middle of the story, I felt thirsty so I got up of my super comfortable bed and walk out the room. I walked down the stairs right to the kitchen.

I opened the fridge and I found a bottle full  of chill orange juice. I opened the bottle and pour the orange juice into a glass. When I checked my fridge, I saw that I still have a leftover Pizza from yesterday, so I decided to reheat it in my microwave. So I sat in the kitchen for a while waiting the Pizza to be ready. When the timer of the microwave is off, I pick the Pizza up and put it on my plate. I took my orange juice and my Pizza and brought them back into my lair. I enjoy the Pizza and the orange juice and continue reading my comic book. After that I decided to watch my favorite K-drama on my Macbook, so I set my portable laptop desk on my bed. This way, I can watch my favorite show without having to leave my super cozy bed.

3.     Descriptive Text

To describe a particular person, place or thing in detail.

Generic Structure :

- Identification

- Description

Language Features :

- Using simple present tense

- Using action verb

- Using adverb

- Using special technical terms 

Example :

The Eiffel Tower

   The Eiffel Tower is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. Built in 1889, it has become both a global icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world. The tower is the tallest building in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; millions of people ascend it every year. Named for its designer, engineer Gustave Eiffel, the tower was built as the entrance arch to the 1889 World's Fair.

4.     Report

To presents indormation about something, as it is.

Generic Structure :

- General Classification

- Description

Language Features :

- Introducing group or general aspect

- Using conditional logical connection

- Using simple past tense

Example :

Flags

A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design that is used as a symbol, as a signaling device, or as decoration. The term flag is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have since evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is similarly challenging (such as the maritime

environment where semaphore is used).

National flags are potent patriotic symbols with varied wide-ranging interpretations. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for other decorative purposes. The study of flags is known as vexillology, from the Latin word vexillum, meaning flag or banner.

5.     Explanation

To explain the processes involved in the information or working of natural or sociocultural phenomena.

Generic Structure :

- General statement

- Explanation

- Closing

Language Features :

- Using simple past tense

- Using action verb

- Using pasif voice

- Using noun phrase

- Using adverbial phrase

- Using technical terms

- Using general and abstract noun

- Using conjunction of time and cause effect

Example :

Almost everyone very likes a natural phenomenon called the rainbow. To the extent that a lot of people create an art work like song, cake, and the other work after seeing the beautiful colors of the rainbow. But, do you know how the phenomenon of the appearance of the rainbow happens?

Rainbow occurs because of the refraction of light. The sunlight that shines in between the rain drops is refracted by the rain drops. This process separates the white light of the sunlight into a spectrum of different colors.

The spectrum of colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Or what we often memorize as the abbreviation "ROY G BIV / mejikuhibiniu.” Then the colors reflect in the back drops of rain, resulting the light which looks arched and becomes the rainbow.

6.     Analycal Exposition

To reveal the readers that something is the important case.

Generic Structure :

- Thesis

- Arguments

- Reiteration/conclusion

Language Features :

- Using modals

- Using action verb

- Using thinking verbs

- Using adverbs

- Using adjective

- Using technical terms

- Using general and abstract noun

- Using connectives/transition

Example :

I personally believe that libraries are among humanity’s most important institutions for several reasons.
Firstly, most of humanity’s collective knowledge is stored in libraries. Secondly, libraries protect and preserve this knowledge. They also classify or group the materials into logical and easily available divisions.
Furthermore, libraries make the materials available to everyone and even provide librarians to help us find what we need.
Finally, libraries are our link to the past and our gift to the future.
From the facts above, I conclude that libraries are important institutions for humanity.

7.     Hortatory Exposition

To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be done.

Generic Structure :

- Thesis

- Argument

- Recommendation

Language Features :

- Using simple present tense

- Using modals

- Using action verbs

- Using thinking verb

- Using adverbs

- Using adjective

- Using technical terms

- Using general and abstract noun

- Using connectives/transition

Example :

The Benefit of Writing

Thesis Statement:

Writing a short story in an online forum can be a beneficial activity for people who have a lot of free time. It can help you to expand your knowledge, to get a new friend and also to make a profitable investment. The following reasons will show you some benefit of this activity.

Argument 1:

Firstly, in order to keep the quality of your writings, you need to read a lot of resources. During the process, you will find so many new information that you may not know before and you will also strengthen your memory of your existing knowledge. Therefore, we can say that the more writings we produce the more knowledge we receive.

Argument 2:

Secondly, if you post your writings on an online forum for writers, another member of the forum will be able to read your story. If they think that your story is interesting and they like it, they will be able to leave comment on it. In addition, you can also follow the account of other writer if you like their story. This feature will allow you to get to know each other better and become friend.

Argument 3:

The last, the story that you post in an online forum will have a visitor counter on it. The total of visitors on your story will show how popular your story is. If your story is popular, you will have a chance to make money out of it, because nowadays there are so many book publishers who are looking for popular stories from online forum. They are willing to print your story into a novel and help you to sell it through their retailer network and share the profit with you.

Recommendation:

Based on my explanation above, I strongly recommend you to try this activity if you have a lot of free time at home because it will make you smarter and richer. 

8.     Procedure

To help readers how to do or make something completely.

Generic Structure :

- Goal/Aim

- Materials/Equipments

- Steps/Methods

Language Features :

- Using simple present tense

- Using imperative sentence

- Using adverb

- Using technical terms

Example :

How To Make Fried Rice 

Ingredients

·         3 cups cooked white rice 

·         2 sprays cooking spray  

·         1 cups uncooked carrots, shredded

·         1/2 cups frozen green peas, thawed 

·         2 large eggs, lightly beaten 

·         1 cups uncooked scallions, sliced, divided 

·         1/4 cups low sodium soy sauce, or to taste 

Steps

·         Coat a large nonstick skillet with cooking spray; warm pan over medium-high heat. Add eggs; tilt pan so that eggs cover bottom. 

·         When eggs start to set, break them up into pieces with a heat-proof spatula. Cook until eggs are cooked through, about one minute more; remove eggs from skillet and set aside. 

·         Off heat, recoat same skillet with cooking spray; set over medium-high heat. Add carrots and all but 2 tablespoons scallions; sauté until carrots are crisp-tender, about 3 or 4 minutes. 

·         Stir in cooked rice, peas and soy sauce; cook until heated through, stirring once or twice, about 1 minute. Gently stir in cooked egg and remaining scallions; heat through. Yields about 3/4 cup per serving

9.     Discussion

To present information and opinions about issues in more one side of an issues (‘For/Pros’ and ‘Against/Cont’).

Generic Structure :

- Issue

- Arguments for and Against

- Conclusion

Language Features :

- Using simple present tense

- Use of relating verb/to be

- Using thinking verb

- Using general and abstract noun

- Using conjunction/transition

- Using modality

- Using adverb of manner

Example :

Should the death penalty be allowed?

Some people were executed in Indonesia through July 2016. Most death penalty cases involve the execution of drug peddlers although capital punishment can also be applied for treason, espionage, and other crimes. Many for and against reactions came after the execution. Then, should the death penalty be allowed in Indonesia?

Proponents of the death penalty say that it is an important tool for law enforcement, deters crime, and costs less than life imprisonment. They also argue that retribution or "an eye for an eye" honors the victim, helps console grieving families, and ensures that the perpetrators of heinous crimes never have an opportunity to cause future tragedy.

Opponents of capital punishment say that it has no deterrent effect on crime, gives governments’ overlapped power to take human life, and potentially makes social injustices by disproportionately targeting people of color (racist) and people who cannot afford good attorneys (classist). They say lifetime jail sentences are a more appropriate than death.

In conclusion, death penalty will always exist in our society as well as its pros and cons. For the proponents of this action, they think that it will be very effective to deter crime. While for those who are against this policy, they argue that this punishment will potentially make social injustice.

10.    Review

To critique or evaluate an art work or event for a public audience

Generic Structure :

- Orientation

- Evalution

- Interpretative summation

- Evaluative summation

Language Features :

- Focus on specific partisipants

- Using adjectives

- Using long and complex clauses

- Using metaphor

Example :

Review Laskar Pelangi

Laskar Pelangi (English: The Rainbow Troops) is a 2008 Indonesian film adapted from the popular same titled novel by Andrea Hirata. The movie follows a group of 10 schoolchildren and their two inspirational teachers as they struggle with poverty and develop hopes for the future in Gantong Village on the farming and tin mining island of Belitung off the east coast of Sumatra. The film is the highest grossing in Indonesian box office history and won a number of local and international awards.

Synopsis
The movie, set in the 1970s, opens on the first day of the year at a Muhammadiyah elementary school on Belitung. The school needs 10 students but is one short until near the end of the day, when a straggler fills out the ranks for their teachers, Muslimah and Harfan. Muslimah dubs the children “The Rainbow Troops” (sometimes translated as “The Rainbow Warriors”) and the movie traces their development and relationships with the teachers.
Background and impact

The film “reportedly” cost 8 billion rupiah (US$890,000) to make and was a year in production. Most of the child actors in the film are from Belitung, and Producer Mira Lesmana explained that choice by saying: “In my opinion, there won’t be any actors with a deeper connection to the roles than those who were born and lived in Belitong their entire life.”

The Bangka Belitung Provincial government declared some of the locations used in the film as areas of importance to culture and tourism in 2010, and provincial tourism chief Yan Megawandi said the decision was “primarily” made to help raise funds for the Muhammadiyah elementary school on which the film and novel’s story are centered.

The film’s local and international success fueled a tourism boom on Belitung, with Indonesian airline Garuda reopening direct service from Jakarta to Tanjung Pandan, Belitung’s capital. A provincial government official that month said he had no hard data on the increase in tourist arrivals as a result of the film, but said that nearly all seats on flights to the island from Jakarta were booked in the first week it was open and that most arrivals were asking about information on how to visit the film’s locations.

11.    Anecdote

To ahare with others an account of an unusual or amusing incident.

Generic Structure :

- Abstract

- Orientation

- Crisis

- Reaction

- Coda

Language Features :
- Using exclamations, rhetorical question or intensifiers

- Using material process

- Using temporal conjunction

Example :

Scarecrow

I was from a big family. I had two aunts and one uncle whose house was so far away from my house. I was the oldest child and had three brothers and one sister. I had a lot of friends and I really loved them. Every day, after school, as the village kids, we gathered at the field of the village together. There, we could play soccer, play kite, play “Back through Door” game, play marbles, and play some other gams of children of the village. We were really closed friends.

One day, Thinky, my cousin, said, “Hi Friends, you already know that my father is a smart farmer. He has created the scarecrow that makes birds never approache our rice again. They just watch from three miles away. They do not dare to take even a grain of rice,” he bragged. “That’s good,” said one of my friends. “It’s nothing,” says Pinky, a friend who also loved to brag. “My dad had created a so big-talk that created a so big-dark scarecrow that the birds returned all of rice that they had picked some days ago.”

12.  Spoof

To tell an event with a humorous twist and entertain the readers.

Generic Structure :

- Orientation

- Event(s)

- Twist

Language Features :

- Using past tense

- Using action verb

- Using adverb

- Chronologically arranged

Example :

It's time for you to go to school
In the early morning, there was a mother who trying to woke up her son.
“Wake up, my son. It’s time for  you to go to school”
“Why i should? no, no way!.”
“Give me some reason why you didn't want to came?.”
“Well, most of the teacher hate me so much, and another is the kid in that school hate me to”
“What? that was not a reason for you to stay here. Come on, grab your uniform and go to school.”
“Okay, give me another reasons, why should i came to school.”
“Well, first you’re 48 years old and the second, you are the Headmaster!”

13.   New Item

To inform readers about events of the day are considered newsworthy or important.

Generic Structure :

- Newsworthy event(s)

- Background event(s)

- Sources

Language Features :

- Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline

- Using action verbs

- Using saying verbs

- Using adverbs : time, place, and manner.

Example :

Tornado's wrath ruined the city
tornado that occurred in russia moscow city yesterday has devastated the whole town in a matter of hours. The storm that occurred during the 39 minutes it has swept at least 49 buildings, four important buildings and swallowed dozens of casualties.

The storm that occurred this time worse than the worst storm ever recorded occurred in moscow since 1973, it can be said that this storm is the worst storm that ever occurred in moscow for 100 years.

To respond to this disaster, the local response agencies have been exerting all his strength to help evacuate victims of the storm. Although the weather has not improved but aid has been channeled to the victims. Not only from the Russian government, but in the form of material aid has been granted by various countries as an expression of their concern.

Gereric structure news item text
Dari contoh teks news item di atas kita dapat menyimpulkan struktur yang dimiliki contoh news item text tersebut, yakni:
Newsworthy events: Tornado are wrecking the whole city, many people and building are lost.
Background Events: In moscow russia
Source: News report in television.

Okay, do you understand? or even confused? : D

So much for my explanation of kinds of text, I'm sorry if there are many mistakes because this is my first blog. let's learn together on the next blog and thank you for coming to my blog

see you again :)